Objective To study the relationship between C-reactive protein(CRP) and white blood cell(WBC) in children with acute bacterial infection(ABI).Methods Serum CRP and WBC were detected in 41 patients with ABI,at different stage(age:≤28 d,≤2 months,6 months,6 months-6 years).Comparison study was performed in diagnostic rate of ABI between CRP and WBC.CRP was assayed by immuturbimetric method.WBC was detected by cell counter model CD-3700.Results In the 41 cases,the level of CRP and WBC were increased in 6 cases accounting for 14.63%;the level of CRP was increased and that of WBC was normal in 27 cases accouuting for 65.85 %;the level of CRP and WBC was normal in 8 cases accounting for 19.51%(8/41).Conclusion The measurement of serum level of CRP provides the evidence of diagnosis in patients with ABI more sensitively and specifically than does WBC.CRP also plays an important role for the observation in patients with ABI.