表观遗传学
DNA甲基化
生物
癌变
神经发生的表观遗传调控
癌症
遗传学
表观基因组
组蛋白
肿瘤转化
后生
染色质
计算生物学
癌症研究
基因
生物信息学
基因表达
染色质重塑
作者
Rajnee Kanwal,Karishma Gupta,Sanjay Gupta
出处
期刊:Methods in molecular biology
日期:2015-01-01
卷期号:: 3-25
被引量:149
标识
DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-1804-1_1
摘要
Epigenetic and genetic alterations contribute to cancer initiation and progression. Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in gene expression without alterations in DNA sequences. Epigenetic changes are reversible and include key processes of DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, nucleosome positioning, and alterations in noncoding RNA profiles. Disruptions in epigenetic processes can lead to altered gene function and cellular neoplastic transformation. Epigenetic modifications precede genetic changes and usually occur at an early stage in neoplastic development. Recent technological advances offer a better understanding of the underlying epigenetic alterations during carcinogenesis and provide insight into the discovery of putative epigenetic biomarkers for detection, prognosis, risk assessment, and disease monitoring. In this chapter we provide information on various epigenetic mechanisms and their role in carcinogenesis, in particular, epigenetic modifications causing genetic changes and the potential clinical impact of epigenetic research in the future.
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