Direct generation of lower-order cylindrical vector vortex modes from an end-pumped Pr3+:LiYF4 laser

We report the direct generation of vector vortex laser modes at 640 nm from a compact, diode end-pumped continuous-wave Pr 3+ :LiYF 4 (YLF) laser that utilizes an intracavity lens and diaphragm. On-axis displacement of the intracavity lens, combined with appropriate choice of the intracavity diaphragm, enables selective generation of a desired radial and azimuthal vector laser mode. Such compact, vector vortex laser sources based on Pr 3+ :YLF in the visible wavelength region are a significant enabling technology for a wide range of applications.