How does climate change affect food security? Evidence from China

The trend of global warming has sparked a growing concern about the impact of climate change on food security. China is a vast country with different climate situations in each region. This study examines the impact of climate change on food security in China using panel data from 31 provinces and cities (1984–2020). Results show that climate change significantly affects food security, bringing more uncertainty risks. Agricultural policies can mitigate this impact by reducing production costs and improving farmers' risk resistance and motivation. Regional heterogeneity exists, with climate change having significant moderating effects on food security in non-food-producing regions and rainfall having significant effects in north and central regions. Relevant policy implications are suggested for strengthening climate change resilience, improving system design, and coordinating regional agricultural production.