生物塑料
生物降解
生物可分解塑胶
微观世界
环境化学
伊卢森斯爱马仕
降级(电信)
微咸水
红球菌
生物污染
微生物种群生物学
生物
化学
食品科学
细菌
生态学
盐度
有机化学
幼虫
计算机科学
电信
遗传学
膜
作者
Eeva Eronen-Rasimus,Pinja Näkki,Hermanni Kaartokallio
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.2c06280
摘要
Plastic pollution threatens both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. As a result of the pressures of replacing oil-based materials and reducing the accumulation of litter in the environment, the use of bioplastics is increasing, despite little being known about their accurate biodegradation in natural conditions. Here, we investigated the weight attrition and degradation behavior of four different bioplastic materials compared to conventional oil-based polyethylene during a 1-year in situ incubation in the brackish Baltic Sea and in controlled 1 month biodegradation experiments in the laboratory. Bacterial communities were also investigated to verify whether putative plastic-degrading bacteria are enriched on bioplastics. Poly-l-lactic acid showed no signs of degradation, whereas poly(3-hydroxybutyrate/3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB/HV), plasticized starch (PR), and cellulose acetate (CA) degraded completely or almost completely during 1-year in situ incubations. In accordance, bacterial taxa potentially capable of using complex carbon substrates and belonging, e.g., to class Gammaproteobacteria were significantly enriched on PHB/HV, PR, and CA. An increase in gammaproteobacterial abundance was also observed in the biodegradation experiments. The results show substantial differences in the persistence and biodegradation rates among bioplastics, thus highlighting the need for carefully selecting materials for applications with risk of becoming marine litter.
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