Numerical and experimental research on vibration signal characteristics of water pipeline leakage

In the leak detection of water pipelines, interference and environmental noise directly affect the effectiveness of leak detection and the accuracy of leak point location, so it is necessary to study the real signal. Previous studies mostly rely on a single test to improve the positioning accuracy by collecting vibration signals for denoising, but denoising will also affect the real signal, and the actual detection situation is complex, so it is difficult to deal with all working conditions only through the test. With the rapid development of computer technology, the combination of numerical simulation and experiment is expected to solve this problem. Therefore, this paper takes the acceleration signal as the research object, collects and simulates the leakage signals under different pressure strengths by combining experiments with numerical simulation, and verifies the feasibility and accuracy of a numerical simulation model. The generation of leakage vibration acceleration under different pressure and different leakage hole radius is simulated. Research findings: a. the leakage signal energy has a power function relationship with the pressure and an exponential function relationship with the leakage radius; b. the characteristic frequency is the variable of the characteristics of pipeline and leakage hole, which is independent of the pressure; c. the power of each peak frequency has a step-by-step change trend with the energy of the signal; d. the power of acceleration signal concentrates to a higher frequency with the increase of pressure and the decrease of leakage radius. This study provides a basis for identifying, detecting, and extracting leakage signals in a real noise environment, helps to improve the accuracy of acoustic emission signal detection, and can provide a theoretical basis for pipeline leakage detection research.