Effects of Lipid Metabolites and Cross Organ Lipid Metabolism Regulation on Bone Homeostasis

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by the loss and destruction of bone microstructure. Its incidence rate increases with age and is an important public health problem. Recently, the relationship between lipid metabolism and osteoporosis has received widespread attention. Lipid metabolites, such as fatty acids, cholesterol, and adipose tissue-derived hormones, participate in maintaining bone metabolism homeostasis through key molecular networks that regulate bone cell function. In addition, the interaction between lipid metabolism and bone tissue involves cross-organ regulatory mechanisms, including the bone-adipose, bone-pancreas, and bone-gut axes. This study considers the types of lipid metabolites and their effects on bone cell function as a starting point for exploring the interaction between lipid metabolism and bone tissue. Furthermore, this study elucidated the specific mechanism of action of lipid metabolites on osteocytes, analyzed the relationship between lipid metabolism abnormalities and osteoporosis, and provided ideas for further clinical research on lipid metabolism-related osteoporosis.