Coal Tar Pitch‐Based Porous Carbon: Synthetic Strategies and Their Applications in Energy Storage

Abstract This paper systematically reviews the preparation strategies of coal tar pitch (CTP)‐derived porous carbon and its advanced applications in energy storage and conversion. First, the composition, molecular structure, and physicochemical properties of CTP are elucidated, forming the foundational knowledge for understanding its subsequent transformation and utilization. Subsequently, the carbonization mechanisms of CTP are explored in depth to clarify the intrinsic principles governing its transition from pitch to carbonaceous materials. Building on this, a comprehensive discussion is presented on advanced synthesis methods for CTP‐based porous carbon, such as activation, templating, and heteroatom doping, providing technical insights for the customization of material fabrication. Particular attention is paid to its applications in supercapacitors and alkali‐metal batteries, with a focus on the pivotal role of CTP‐derived porous carbon in enhancing electrochemical performance via optimized pore architectures, surface chemistry, and conductive networks. By integrating recent advancements in the field, this review aims to establish a holistic framework linking the “composition‐structure‐performance” relationships of CTP‐based porous carbon. The findings offer guidance for the rational design of next‐generation porous carbon materials with superior energy storage capabilities, thereby bridging the divide between precursor engineering and functional material innovation.