The structure, genetic polymorphisms, expression and biological functions of complement receptor type 1 (CR1/CD35)

The complement system is comprised of soluble and cell surface associated proteins that recognize exogenous, altered, or potentially harmful endogenous ligands. In recent years, the complement system--particularly component C3 and its receptors--have been demonstrated to be a key link between innate and adaptive immunity. Complement receptor type 1 (CR1), the receptor for C3b/C4b complement peptides, has emerged as a molecule of immense interest in gaining insight to the susceptibility, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of such diseases. In this review, we wish to briefly bring forth the structure, genetic polymorphisms, expression and biological functions of CR1.