Background: In the modern clinical practice of TCM science, the formula Xihuang pill has been widely used as a remedy for the treatment of various tumors in clinical application. Due to the diversity of the manufacturers and relatively lower quality standards, the quality problem of Xihuang pill frequently resulted in unstable effect in clinical application. It is imperative to develop more effective and comprehensive quality control method capable of ensuring the safety and efficacy. The objective of our study is to introduce GC-FID/GC-MS for multiple components quantification and fingerprint description of the volatile oil in Xihuang pill. Keywords: Xihuang Pill, GC/GC-MS, fingerprint, qualitative analysis, quality control, TCM science.