Asymmetric spectral modulation of bioinspired Janus metafabric toward environment-adaptive thermal and moisture management under extreme conditions

To mitigate heat stress during outdoor activities, passive radiative cooling (PRC) has been recognized as a promising candidate for personal thermal management (PTM). However, conventional single-layer cooling fabrics cannot meet dynamic environments or wearing comfort. Herein, inspired by the highly scattering porous scales of Cyphochilus beetles, we developed an environment-adaptive Janus metafabric (EAJM) composed of a cyphochilus scale-inspired cooling (CSC) layer and a photon-trapping thermal (PTT) layer via multiscale interfacial electrospinning and soft-template-assisted phase separation (ST-PS) strategy. The EAJM combines hydrophilic PAN/SiO 2 fibers and hydrophobic PLA/PPy fibers into a functional Janus architecture. The CSC layer was characterized by outstanding solar reflectance (94.8%) and mid-infrared emissivity (98.1%), while the PTT layer serves as an efficient photon-trapping absorber (81.8%). This asymmetric spectral modulation enables dual-mode thermal management beyond the capabilities of conventional single-layer cooling fabrics. In outdoor tests, EAJM achieved remarkable radiative cooling (∆ T max = 7.2 °C) and photothermal performance (∆ T max = 2.8 °C) for personal skin. It is worth stressing that the net cooling and heating power reached 113.7 W m −2 and 363.1 W m −2 . Furthermore, the wettability and pore-size gradient of EAJM facilitate anisotropic capillary drive moisture transport, enabling rapid sweat wicking and evaporation. This work offers a promising strategy for personal thermal and moisture management (PTMM) and next-generation smart wearable textiles.