Healing Effect of Ethanolic Extracts from Mycelia of the Golden Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Agaricomycetes), with High Ergothioneine Content in UVB-Irradiated Human Skin Fibroblasts

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation can damage DNA and cause tremendous amounts of free radicals to develop in dermal fibroblasts. This study investigated the antiphotoaging activity of a 70% ethanol extract form highergothioneine Pleurotus citrinopileatus mycelia (HEPM) after UVB irradiation on human skin Hs68 fibroblasts. The results indicated that the cell viabilities of extracts were comparable with that of the unirradiated control, whereas the cell cycle profiles had altered. At a higher dose of the extract, however, cells went through alterations in suppressing progression of the G0/G1 phase and inducing arrest of the S and G2/M phases. At 100 μg/mL, the HEPM was a potent scavenger of UVB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibited ROS level by 96.43%. Treatment with the HEPM protected Hs68 cells from UVB-induced apoptosis. The HEPM also decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 but increased the production of type I procollagen. Overall, the HEPM shows healing effects after UVB irradiation of Hs68 cells and has potential as an antiphotoaging material in cosmetic applications.