吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶
免疫系统
犬尿氨酸
肿瘤微环境
免疫学
免疫耐受
免疫疗法
癌症研究
自身免疫
调节性T细胞
T细胞
生物
癌症免疫疗法
医学
白细胞介素2受体
色氨酸
氨基酸
生物化学
作者
Fahimeh Heidari,Alireza Ramezani,Nasrollah Erfani,Mahboobeh Razmkhah
标识
DOI:10.1080/08830185.2020.1836176
摘要
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) as an intracellular cytosolic enzyme converts tryptophan (Trp) to N-formyl kynurenine which leads to proinflammatory T-cell apoptosis and prevention of immune cells maturation via decreasing the level of cellular energy. Trp catabolism products such as kynurenine increase the recruitment of regulatory T cells and induce immune tolerance in dendritic cells. IDO expression can locally suppress immunity in the tumor microenvironment and tumor progression actively recruits IDO expressing cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Also, tumor infiltrating Tregs’ activity leads to IDO expression in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we described the immunomodulatory function of IDO and IDO-based therapeutic strategies for immune related diseases. According to positive-feedback loop between Tregs and IDO in the tumor microenvironment, IDO can be targeted as a promising immunostimulatory approach for immunotherapy of cancer. However, several studies revealed controversial consequences for influences of IDO in immunity. Considering the common concept, IDO1 and also IDO2 repress the function of T lymphocytes, while inactivation of IDO results in aggravation of some autoimmune diseases. Eventually, the extensive evaluation of IDO function in immunomodulatory procedure can help achieve IDO inhibitors as optimal drugs to inhibit tumor growth without motivating autoimmunity.
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