医学
心理信息
虚拟现实
心理干预
临床试验
上瘾
梅德林
线索反应性
透视图(图形)
暴露疗法
临床心理学
心理治疗师
精神科
心理学
内科学
法学
焦虑
人工智能
计算机科学
渴求
政治学
作者
Simon Langener,Joanne VanDerNagel,Jeannette van Manen,Wiebren Markus,B.A.G. Dijkstra,Laura De Fuentes-Merillas,Randy Klaassen,Janika Heitmann,Dirk Heylen,Arnt Schellekens
摘要
(1) Background: Virtual reality (VR) has been investigated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including addictive disorders (ADs); (2) Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current evidence of immersive VR (using head-mounted displays) in the clinical assessment and treatment of ADs; (3) Method: PubMed and PsycINFO were queried for publications up to November 2020; (4) Results: We screened 4519 titles, 114 abstracts and 85 full-texts, and analyzed 36 articles regarding the clinical assessment (i.e., diagnostic and prognostic value; n = 19) and treatment (i.e., interventions; n = 17) of ADs. Though most VR assessment studies (n = 15/19) showed associations between VR-induced cue-reactivity and clinical parameters, only two studies specified diagnostic value. VR treatment studies based on exposure therapy showed no or negative effects. However, other VR interventions like embodied and aversive learning paradigms demonstrated positive findings. The overall study quality was rather poor; (5) Conclusion: Though VR in ADs provides ecologically valid environments to induce cue-reactivity and provide new treatment paradigms, the added clinical value in assessment and therapy remains to be elucidated before VR can be applied in clinical care. Therefore, future work should investigate VR efficacy in randomized clinical trials using well-defined clinical endpoints.
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