A Study on the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and the Dependence of Smart-phone by Students Majoring in Special Education

본 연구는 특수교육 전공 학생들의 자기효능감과 스마트폰 의존 정도의 관계를 알아보기 위해 특수교육과에 재학 중인 학생 452명을 대상으로 하였다. 수집된 설문지는 SPSS Win 20.0프로그램을 사용하여 통계처리 하였다. 특수교육 전공 학생들의 자기효능감과 스마트폰 사용 척도의 하위 영역에 대해서 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였고, 변인에 따라 차이가 있는지를 알아보기 위해 t-test, ANOVA와 사후검증 방법인 Scheffe를 실시하였다. 연구문제에 따른 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수교육전공 학생들의 자기효능감은 자기조절 효능감, 과제난이도, 자신감 순으로 나타났다. 또한 학년과 성별에 따른 자기효능감은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 특수교육전공 학생들의 스마트폰 의존 정도는 일상생활장애, 내성, 금단, 가상세계지향성 순으로 나타났다. 또한 학년에 따른 스마트폰 의존 정도는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 성별에 따라서는 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 자기효능감과 스마트폰 의존 척도 간의 관계는 부적인 상관관계가 나타났다. 상관관계를 나타낸 하위변인은 일상생활장애와 금단이다. 또한 자기효능감 안에서도 자기조절 효능감이 높을수록 일상생활장애, 가상세계 지향성, 금단에서 정도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자기조절 효능감이 높을수록 스마트폰 과의존이 낮다고 볼 수 있다.This study was conducted on 452 students attending special education departments to find out the relationship between self-efficacy and the dependence of smart-phone by students majoring in special education. The collected questionnaire was statistically analyzed using the SPSS Win 20.0 program. The average and standard deviation were calculated for the self-efficacy of students majoring in special education and sub-area of the smart-phone usage scale, and t-test, ANOVA, and the post-verification method, Scheffe, were conducted to see if there were any differences depending on the variables. Analysis results based on research problems are as follows. First, the self-efficacy of special education major students was shown in order of self-control efficacy, task difficulty, and confidence. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in self-efficacy with respect to grades and gender. Second, the degree of dependence on smart-phones by students of special education majors was shown in the order of daily life disability, tolerance, withdrawal, and virtual world-oriented. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in the degree of dependence on smart-phones over grades, but significant differences were seen depending on gender. Third, the relationship between self-efficacy and smart-phone dependency measures has emerged as a negative correlation. The sub-variety of the correlation is everyday disorders and prohibition. Also, the higher the self-regulation efficacy, the lower the degree of daily disorders, virtual world orientation, and prohibition. This can be seen as the higher the efficacy of self-restraint, the lower the excessive dependency on smart-phones.