A novel calcium-dependent protein kinase gene from Populus euphratica, confers both drought and cold stress tolerance

• A novel CDPK gene was isolated from P. euphratica . • PeCPK10 exhibited higher expression level under various environmental stresses. • PeCPK10 displayed a different localization from its homologs. • PeCPK10 confers both drought and freezing tolerance. • Potential downstream target genes of PeCPK10 were identified. Populus species are the most important timber trees over the Northern hemisphere. Most of them are cold- and drought-sensitive except the Populus euphratica Oliv. Here, a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) gene cloned from P. euphratica , designated as PeCPK10 , was rapidly induced by salt, cold, and drought stresses. The protein encoded by PeCPK10 was localized within the nucleus and cytosol, which may be important for its specific regulation in cellular functions. To elucidate the physiological functions of PeCPK10 , we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PeCPK10 . The results showed that PeCPK10 -transgenic lines experienced better growth than vector control plants when treated with drought. Stronger abscisic acid-induced promotion of stomatal closing has been showed in transgenic lines. Particularly, overexpression of PeCPK10 showed enhanced freezing tolerance. Constitutive expression of PeCPK10 enhanced the expression of several abscisic acid-responsive genes and multiple abiotic stress-responsive genes such as RD29B and COR15A . Accordingly, a positive regulator responsive to cold and drought stresses in P. euphratica is proposed.