Three kinds of cement clinker with different specific surface area of 280m2/kg,370m2/kg and 670m2/kg respectively were prepared by ball mill in laboratory.The fly ash cement with different particle size distribution was prepared by these three kinds of cement clinker and different content of fly ash.The compressive strength,porosity,autogenous shrinkage and microstructure of fly ash cement were tested.The results showed that the porosity of fly ash cement paste would be reduced and its early compressive strength would be improved with the increase of cement clinker fineness.The autogenous shrinkage of fly ash cement system would be reduced and the volume stability of fly ash cement paste would be improved.The backscatter image of fly ash cement paste showed that the unhydrated cement particle content and unhydrated fly ash particle content in the fly ash cement paste would be reduced with the increase of cement clinker fineness.