Objective To demonstrate the relations of the serume brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) concentration with cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure . Methods The serume brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) concentration were measured with ELISA methods in 62 heart failure patients and 20 healthy persons as control. Doppler echocardiography was performed to determine left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening(FS) and left ventricular end diastolic diameters (LVEDD).Observe the correlation of BNP with LVEF?FS?LVEDD. Results The serume BNP concentration was significantly increased in patients with chronic heart failure as compared with healthy subjects(P0.01=,BNP levels were significantly increased in heart function classes according to NYHA. BNP concentration had a significant negative correlation with LVEF(r=-0.62, P0.01=, FS(r=-0.59, P0.01=and positively correlated with LVEDD in patients with heart failure(r=0.67, P0.01=. Conclusion The serume BNP concentration was good marker used to reflect cardiac function and had a close relationship with left ventricular structure.