多硫化物
电解质
硫黄
电化学
阴极
溶解
材料科学
锂硫电池
锂(药物)
化学工程
无机化学
电池(电)
电极
冶金
化学
内分泌学
物理化学
功率(物理)
工程类
物理
医学
量子力学
作者
Shuru Chen,Yue Gao,Zhaoxin Yu,Mikhail L. Gordin,Jiangxuan Song,Donghai Wang
出处
期刊:Nano Energy
[Elsevier]
日期:2017-01-01
卷期号:31: 418-423
被引量:81
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.11.057
摘要
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising energy storage technology to replace lithium ion batteries for higher energy density and lower cost. Dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates in conventional Li-S electrolytes is known as one of the key technical barriers to the development of Li-S, because it promotes redistribution and irreversible deposition of Li2S, and also forces large amounts of electrolyte to be used, shortening cycling life and driving down cell energy density. Recently, dimethyl disulfide as a functional co-solvent has been demonstrated to show an alternate electrochemical reaction pathway for sulfur cathodes by the formation of dimethyl polysulfides and lithium organosulfides as intermediates and reduction products. In this work, comprehensive studies show that this new pathway not only provides high capacity but also enables excellent capacity retention through a built-in automatic discharge shutoff mechanism by tuning carbon/sulfur ratio in sulfur cathodes to reduce unfavorable Li2S formation. Furthermore, this new electrolyte system is also found to enable high capacity of high-sulfur-loading cathodes with low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios, such as a stable specific capacity of around 1000 mAh g−1 using a low electrolyte amount (i.e, E/S ratio of 5 mL g−1) and high-sulfur-loading (4 mg cm−2) cathodes. This electrolyte system almost doubles the capacity obtained with conventional electrolytes under the same harsh conditions. These results highlight the practical potential of this electrolyte system to enable high-energy-density Li-S batteries.
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