Frequency-modulated microwave generation with feedback stabilization using an optically injected semiconductor laser

Generation of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) microwave signals is investigated using the period-one (P1) dynamics of a semiconductor laser. A modulated optical injection drives the laser into P1 oscillation with a modulated microwave frequency, while adding feedback to the injection reduces the microwave phase noise. Using simply a single-mode laser, the tunability of P1 dynamics allows for wide tuning of the central frequency of the FMCW signal. A sweep range reaching 7.7 GHz is demonstrated with a sweep rate of 0.42 GHz/ns. When the external modulation frequency matches the reciprocal of the feedback delay time, feedback stabilization is manifested as an increase of the frequency comb contrast by 30 dB for the FMCW microwave signal.