Mild Changes in Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Quality Predict Pseudarthrosis After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Although this analysis did not show an association between SCM muscle size and pseudoarthrosis, even mild fatty infiltration appears to be independently predictive of pseudoarthrosis. In contrast, PROMs were not associated with SCM size or fatty infiltration. Further work is needed to confirm these findings and explore their clinical implications.