Recent progress in ZIF nanocomposite materials for wastewater pollutant in aqueous solution: A mini-review

The zeolite imidazolium framework (ZIF) is an ideal choice for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water sources, owing to its extraordinary attributes such as large specific surface area, structurally adaptable framework, and ability to fine-tune pore sizes. However, ZIF particles have a propensity to cluster, reducing the specific surface area and complicating their recycling. Once these particles have been used to purify water, it is challenging to separate them from the aqueous media. Recent breakthroughs in the development of ZIF nanocomposite materials have addressed these issues, producing more efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment strategies and paving the way for cleaner and safer water resources. In this work, we highlight the recent developments in the field of ZIF nanocomposite materials. Our aim is to provide an in-depth perspective on the strategies employed in their preparation, unveil the underlying mechanisms governing pollutant removal, and analyze possible interactions. Based on foundational knowledge on the structural metamorphosis of ZIF nanocomposites, we present the cutting-edge advancements in the utilization of ZIFs nanocomposites, serving as both adept adsorbents and potent photocatalysts for eradicating contaminants from wastewater. We also discuss the future development prospects and challenges associated with ZIF-precursor–based nanocomposites.