Photophysical properties and photonic applications of porphyrin-based MOFs

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a notorious class of porous materials that gained significant attention in recent years due to their unique structural and rich functional properties. Porphyrin-based MOFs, PMOFs, have been studied extensively for their potential applications in areas such as energy storage, capture, delivery, catalysis, and sensing. Particularly, this work first briefly discusses the different types of porphyrin-based MOFs, their electronic structures, and how they interact with light. Furthermore, this article describes the wealth of photophysical events occurring in porphyrin-based MOFs leading to rich properties and sustainable applications upon visible-light irradiation. These include efficient light harvesting, singlet and triplet emissions and aggregation induced emissions, thermally activated delayed fluorescence, nonlinear optical properties, multi-photon absorption, up conversion, singlet-singlet and triplet-triplet excited state annihilation, time-resolved photophysical processes, ultrafast energy and electron transfers, exciton energy migration, photosensitization, photo-conductivity, photo-induced charge separation, optoelectronics, dye sensitized and bulk heterojunction solar cells.