3D modeling of the renal arterial bed: comparative analysis of visualization methods (ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging)

Modern imaging techniques provide various opportunities for assessing vascular anatomy, but their comparative effectiveness in creating accurate three-dimensional models of the renal arterial bed remains poorly understood. Material and methods . A systematic review of the scientific literature for the period 2005–2022 was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and eLIBRARY.RU databases. Technical characteristics, diagnostic capabilities and limitations of ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed. Results. Ultrasonography is an accessible screening method, but has limitations in constructing accurate 3D models. Computed tomography angiography provides the highest spatial resolution and detailing of vascular architecture, but is associated with radiation exposure and the risk of nephropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging represents an optimal balance between visualization quality and safety, especially with the use of non-contrast techniques and dynamic sequences. Conclusions. It is advisable to use a comprehensive approach using complementary visualization methods to create accurate threedimensional models of renal arterial vessels, which allows compensating for the limitations of each individual method. The introduction of modern 3D modeling technologies into clinical practice helps improve preoperative planning and increase the safety of organ-preserving kidney surgeries, which is of fundamental importance for a personalized approach in modern urology and vascular surgery.