A Novel Event-Triggered Load Frequency Control for Power Systems With Electric Vehicle Integration

This article proposes a novel even-triggered mechanism (ETM) to improve load frequency control (LFC) in power systems with electric vehicle (EV) integration, particularly when faced with bandwidth-constrained network communication. To mitigate the transmission of redundant packets that are typically found in conventional ETMs, a variable probabilistic release (VPR) scheme is introduced. The foundation of this VPR-based ETM rests on two crucial steps: 1) Construction of an Event Generator With Variable Probability: This generator facilitates the selection of actual released packets (ARPs) by using the VPR scheme from a group of triggered packets. Leveraging an algorithm, the probability of transmitting each triggered packet in the subsequent group is recomputed, enabling a more adaptive response to system dynamics. 2) Setting a Buffer With Delay Effect: A buffer is utilized to delay the release of ARPs until the final triggered instant in a group. The design not only simplifies timing division but also enhances system stability within fixed time intervals. Furthermore, this work formulates sufficient conditions that ensure the mean-square asymptotic stability (MSAS) of power systems. An illustrative example is presented to confirm the superiority of the proposed VPR-based ETM through comparative analysis with traditional ETMs.