Virtual simulation in postgraduate specialty nursing education: A pilot cross-sectional survey evaluation

Background Simulation-based education is recognised as a valuable strategy in nursing education; however, online courses must use alternatives to in-person simulation. This study explored the implementation of a virtual simulation in a postgraduate perianaesthesia nursing unit. The study evaluated how the virtual simulation influenced students' (a) confidence to perform the role of an anaesthetic nurse, (b) clinical judgement and understanding of pathophysiology in perianaesthesia care, and (c) perspectives and experiences when engaging with the virtual simulation. Methods An evaluative cross-sectional survey design was employed. A prerecorded simulation depicting intraoperative bronchospasm was embedded into one online curriculum unit. The virtual simulation included prebriefing, scenario-based questions, and a structured self-debrief. After engaging in the virtual simulation, students were invited to complete an anonymous online survey consisting of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified and four open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. Results Thirty-five students responded (14%). The majority reported increased confidence, critical thinking, and clinical decision-making, with strong agreement that the simulation improved confidence to perform in the role of an anaesthetic nurse, clinical judgement, and understanding of pathophysiology. Qualitative themes reflected positive perceptions of interactivity, realism, prebriefing, and cognitive engagement. Some technical challenges were reported, and mixed feedback was received on the effectiveness of the self-debriefing component. Conclusion The pilot study demonstrated that virtual simulation can enhance engagement, confidence, and skill development in an online postgraduate nursing context. Findings support further integration of virtual simulation, with attention to improving debriefing strategies and ensuring robust technical delivery.