Oxygen vacancy-hydroxyl frustrated Lewis pairs enabling CO 2 cycloaddition for halogen-free synthesis of cyclic carbonates

A series of Co 3 O 4 catalysts with unique oxygen vacancy-hydroxyl FLPs were developed. The FLPs breaks the trade-off between CO 2 adsorption and dissociation via forming a metastable d-HCO 3 species, enabling the efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates.