Parameters affecting the synthesis of titanium silicalite 1

The influence of the SiO2 source, crystallization time, stirred and static crystallization conditions, TPAOH source, OH−/Si ratio, Si/Ti ratio and sol concentration were studied. Crystallizations were carried out at 175°C in teflon-lined autoclaves. We were able to synthesize well shaped, homogeneous, highly crystalline batches of TS-1 zeolites with Si/Ti ratio ranging from 24 to infinity (0 to 4 mol-% Ti) and a crystallite size ranging from 0.09 to 12 μm. In order to form small crystallites, seeds are added and the reaction mixture is agitated during crystallization. The best conditions to form small crystallites are; high silicon concentration, low OH− concentration and low water concentration.