Accurate analysis of the bubble formation process in maximum bubble pressure tensiometry

A method has been developed to determine the characteristic times of bubble formation in maximum bubble pressure experiments. It consists in the analysis of gas flow from a continuous reservoir or pump through a capillary into the system volume attached to the measuring capillary. This method works more reliably than the analysis of the direct pressure signal in the gas volume. A discussion on the optimum choice of the internal gas volume is made with the aim of maximum accuracy of determination of the surface tension and bubble deadtime and lifetime. The findings are compared with conditions given in various commercial instruments.