Sustainable Transformation of Petrochemical Byproducts into High‐Performance Carbon Electrodes: Green Synthesis and Energy Storage Applications

ABSTRACT This review critically examines the upcycling of petrochemical byproducts into advanced carbon electrodes for energy storage. It uniquely frames the discussion around the “Performance–Sustainability–Cost Trilemma,” providing a comprehensive analysis of green synthesis strategies, multiscale structure‐property relationships, and scale‐up challenges. The work offers actionable insights for bridging lab‐scale innovation with scalable manufacturing, thereby advancing circular economy principles and carbon neutrality goals.