Deciphering the anti-renal fibrosis mechanism of triptolide in diabetic nephropathy by the integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental verification

• TP inhibited ECM deposition and prevented the occurrence of renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy . • TP could alleviate renal fibrosis by regulating the GSK3β/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. • TP could inhibit the overexpression of NOX4 and the ROS level, and ameliorate proteinuria in db/db mice.