阳极
法拉第效率
生物量(生态学)
材料科学
碳化
碳纤维
电化学
锂(药物)
化学工程
钠
可再生能源
化学
复合数
冶金
复合材料
电极
海洋学
电气工程
地质学
工程类
内分泌学
医学
物理化学
扫描电子显微镜
作者
Yanghao Jin,Ziyi Shi,Tong Han,Hanmin Yang,Habtom Desta Asfaw,Ritambhara Gond,Reza Younesi,Pär G. Jönsson,Wei Yang
出处
期刊:Processes
[MDPI AG]
日期:2023-03-04
卷期号:11 (3): 764-764
被引量:5
摘要
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) serve as the most promising next-generation commercial batteries besides lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Hard carbon (HC) from renewable biomass resources is the most commonly used anode material in SIBs. In this contribution, we present a review of the latest progress in the conversion of waste biomass to HC materials, and highlight their application in SIBs. Specifically, the following topics are discussed in the review: (1) the mechanism of sodium-ion storage in HC, (2) the HC precursor’s sources, (3) the processing methods and conditions of the HCs production, (4) the impact of the biomass types and carbonization temperature on the carbon structure, and (5) the effect of various carbon structures on electrochemical performance. Data from various publications have been analyzed to uncover the relationship between the processing conditions of biomass and the resulting structure of the final HC product, as well as its electrochemical performance. Our results indicate the existence of an ideal temperature range (around 1200 to 1400 °C) that enhances the formation of graphitic domains in the final HC anode and reduces the formation of open pores from the biomass precursor. This results in HC anodes with high storage capacity (>300 mAh/g) and high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) (>80%).
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