An Overview on Biological Importance of Pyrrolone and Pyrrolidinone Derivatives as Promising Scaffolds

Pyrrolones and pyrrolidinones are five-membered heterocycles and are versatile lead compounds for designing powerful bioactive agents. Pyrrolone and pyrrolidinone moieties are among the most essential heterocyclic pharmacophores inducing prominent pharmaceutical effects. Therefore, researchers paid attention to synthesize various pyrrolone and pyrrolidinone derivatives. Numerous methods for the synthesis of pyrrolones and pyrrolidinones offer a great scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. This attractive group of compounds has diverse biological activities like antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, etc. The purpose of this review is to classify broad information on the chemistry and pharma­ceutical effects of pyrrolones and pyrrolidinones to open a new perspective for future studies. It is clear that a wide spectrum of pyrrolones and pyrrolidinone derivatives have been synthesized and that most of them have various significant biological activities. Thus, these derivatives can be used for the future development of novel compounds active against different infections and diseases.