Thirty-two species of Helicoma are recognized, and revised descriptions and keys to these species are given. The genus is divided into four sections, based on the characteristics of the conidia and the mode of conidium attachment. One new combination, Trochophora fasciculatum (Berk. & Curt.) Goos, has been proposed. Species previously assigned to Helicoma which are now regarded as synonyms of previously described species or excluded from the genus include the following: H. candidum (Preuss) Linder, H. caperoniae (Olive) Ciferri, H. curtisii Berkeley, H. fasciculatum Berk. & Curt., H. intermedium (Penzig & Saccardo) Linder, H. interveniens Talbot, H. maritimum Linder, H. monosporella Kendrick, H. proliferens Linder, H. viridis (Corda) Hughes, H. velutinum Ellis, and H. westoni Linder.