Improved osseointegration of strontium-modified titanium implants by regulating angiogenesis and macrophage polarization

experimental results also showed early vascularized implant osseointegration of SLA-Sr with the type H vessel formation around the SLA-Sr implant. This study emphasized the synergistic role of Sr in the regulation of macrophage polarization and angiogenesis, and therefore depicted the therapeutic potential of SLA-Sr for rapidly vascularized osseointegration.