Herpes simplex encephalitis in a post-operative patient with a negative PCR

We describe a case in which an immunosuppressed post operative patient had a sudden neurological deterioration due to Herpes Simplex Virus encephalitis (HSV). Of particular interest was the presence of a negative Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Potential hazards in the management of HSV encephalitis patients in the intensive care department are discussed.