AIM: To investigate the expression and distribution of p CREB in the hippocampal formation of adult rats. METHODS: SP immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence were performed in paraformaldehyde fixed hippocampal sections. RESULTS: p CREB was expressed throughout the hippocampal formation, with the expression in the dentate gyrus being the highest, CA3 area, the second, and CA1 area, the least. P CREB was also found to have expressed mostly in nucleus. CONCLUSION: The expressions of p CREB are different in the dentate gyrus and CA1 area, suggesting that dentate gyrus and CA1 area may play different roles in long-term memory.