The adsorption of crystal violet(CV) on gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticles was studied by Raman scattering.Some vibration modes of the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum,such as breath of central bonds,Ph—C+—Ph bend, ring C—H bend and N—Ph stretching,were greatly enhanced.The molecular orientation of CV adsorbed on surface of GaP nanoparticles was ascertained by the change of relative surface enhancement factor (RSEF).The mechanism of SERS was also discussed preliminarily.