Objective:To investigate the clinical effect and safety of percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCFs).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the basis of data collected from 43patients with OVCFs admitted in our hospital from Jan.2011to Dec.2012,with a total of 43vertebral body including 26after undergoing percutaneous vertebral plasty(PVP),17after undergoing PKP.The visual analogue scale(VAS)pain,activity ability score improvement,vertebral body height,and Cobb's adjusted angle of two groups were compared before and after surgery.Results:VAS score and activity ability score were significantly improved postoperatively in two groups(P0.05),but there is no statistical difference between groups(P 0.05);vertebral body height and Cobb's adjusted angle of PKP group were significantly higher than that of PVP group(P0.05).Conclusion:PKP treatment is safe and effective,and superior to PVP in restoring vertebral body height and Cobb's adjusted angle,in conclusion,PKP is a preferable treatment of osteoporosis