Estimation of couple fecundity in the general population and the association with monthly time-varying ambient particulate matter exposure in low- and middle-income countries: A population-based multi-center epidemiological study

Ambient particulate matter is identified as a potential contributing factor to impaired fecundity in general population of LMICs. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated efforts to control ambient air pollution to mitigate the risk of fecundity reduction among the general population.