Humidification insights in mechanical ventilation and respiratory support. A narrative review

There is no doubt that humidification plays a crucial role in maintaining airway mucosal integrity. A comprehensive knowledge of humidification strategies is must for their proper implementation in clinical practice. Even when upper airways are intact, as in NIV or oxygen therapy, humidification may still be necessary to prevent discomfort and maintain mucosal integrity. Future research should focus on refining humidification strategies to maximize efficacy, minimize complications and developing improved methods for monitoring airway humidity at the patient interface.