Deep Learning for Automatic Gross Tumor Volumes Contouring in Esophageal Cancer Based on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Images: A Multi-Institutional Study

To develop and externally validate an automatic artificial intelligence (AI) tool for delineating gross tumor volume (GTV) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which can assist in neo-adjuvant or radical radiation therapy treatment planning.