Chemical microenvironment regulation of single-atom catalysts in photocatalysis

O splitting and pollutant degradation. The fundamental impacts of SACs' microenvironment on photocatalytic activity, selectivity, and stability are further explored. Finally, we summarize the challenges in the development of microenvironment engineering and provide an outlook on future opportunities and challenges. This comprehensive review offers guidance for the design and fabrication of highly active SACs and is expected to foster the progress of microenvironment engineering.