A novel AIE molecule as a hole transport layer enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

A low-cost and efficient hole transport layer (HTL) material (TPE-CZ) with the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect has been synthesized. Due to the AIE effect, perovskite solar cells with TPE-CZ as the HTL deliver a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18% with better stability than those with the reference HTL (Spiro-OMeTAD).