氯
微囊藻毒素
毒素
微囊藻毒素
环境化学
化学
蓝藻
水华
海洋毒素
微生物学
环境科学
生物
有机化学
生物化学
细菌
营养物
浮游植物
遗传学
作者
Xiaodi Duan,Toby Sanan,Armah de la Cruz,Xuexiang He,Minghao Kong,Dionysios D. Dionysiou
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.8b00034
摘要
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), an algal toxin (cyanotoxin) common in sources of drinking water, poses a major human health hazard due to its high toxicity. In this study, UV/chlorine was evaluated as a potentially practical and effective process for the degradation of MC-LR. Via mass spectrometry analysis, fewer chlorinated-MC-LR products were detected with UV/chlorine treatment than with chlorination, and a transformation pathway for MC-LR by UV/chlorine was proposed. Different degrees of rapid degradation of MC-LR were observed with varying pH (6-10.4), oxidant dosage (0.5-3 mg L-1), natural organic matter (0-7 mg L-1), and natural water sources. In contrast to the formation of primarily chloroform and dichloroacetic acid in deionized water where MC-LR serves as the only carbon source, additional chlorinated disinfection byproducts were produced when sand filtered natural water was used as a background matrix. The UV/chlorine treated samples also showed quantitatively less cytotoxicity in vitro in HepaRG human liver cell line tests than chlorination treated samples. Following 16 min (96 mJ cm-2) of UV irradiation combined with 1.5 mg L-1 chlorine treatment, the cell viability of the samples increased from 80% after exposure to 1 mg L-1 MC-LR to 90%, while chlorination treatment evidenced no reduction in cytotoxicity with the same reaction time.
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