Approximate computation of the acoustic impedance from seismic data

Abstract Continuous earth model. The calculated impedance minus the impedance in the top layer is approximately equal to the reflectivity function convolved with the integrated seismic pulse multiplied with twice the impedance in the top layer. Exponential transformation of the integrated seismic trace. The effect of additive noise is governed by a nonlinear transformation; computation of acoustic impedance becomes unstable when noise is added.--Modified journal abstract.