Memory impairment in now abstinent MDMA users and continued users: A longitudinal follow-up

The authors further investigated the functional consequences of continued neurotoxicity of (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use. Fifteen participants who were previously given a brief neuropsychological battery were tested for a third time 2 years after baseline. At 2 years, seven participants were still using MDMA, whereas eight participants had become abstinent from MDMA since 1-year testing. Current users demonstrated further declines in memory ability; former users improved on several memory measures or remained static in performance.