纳滤
膜
选择性
化学工程
化学
聚合物
溶剂
合成膜
离子交换
材料科学
单体
化学稳定性
制作
有机溶剂
表面电荷
纳米技术
跨膜蛋白
聚合膜
纳米孔
水溶液中的金属离子
色谱法
膜转运
半透膜
人工细胞
膜技术
离子
作者
Quanji Zhu,Yujun Zhang,Jian Zhao,M. Li,Facui Yang,Y. Liu,Jia Xu,Peng Yang
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202523946
摘要
Abstract Membrane proteins in biology achieve highly efficient selective molecular recognition and transmembrane transport by constructing sub‐nanometer channels. However, achieving comparable selectivity in artificial protein‐based membranes remains a formidable challenge, primarily due to the difficulty of precisely tailoring sub‐nanometer pore sizes. Here, we present a breakthrough in the fabrication of proteinaceous nanofiltration membranes with precisely defined sub‐nanometer pores. A robust protein membrane with pore sizes of 0.62–0.81 nm is formed at the air/water interface via a thiol‐disulfide exchange reaction. Subsequent crosslinking with polyphenol further reduces the pore size to ∼0.4 nm, while simultaneously inverting surface charge from positive to negative and markedly enhancing ion sieving performance. As a proof‐of‐concept, the crosslinked amyloid‐like protein membrane achieves 98.24% rejection of MgCl 2 and an excellent Mg 2+ /Li + selectivity of 88.65 in a simulated salt‐lake brine, surpassing the performance of most polymer membranes reported to date. Additionally, this membrane demonstrates versatility in separating anions with different valences, removing heavy metal ions, and eliminating persistent organic pollutants, while exhibiting excellent chemical stability and anti‐fouling capability in acidic, alkaline, and organic solvent environments. By harnessing the precision of biological channels, this work offers a paradigm shift for next‐generation biomimetic ion separation, environmental remediation, and water purification applications.
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