Research progress on the underlying mechanisms of plant defense enzymes in response to pest stress.

Plants respond to herbivory through a series of physiological and biochemical defense mechanisms to counter the stress of herbivorous pests, including the dramatic changes in activities of various defense enzymes. Here, we reviewed the recent research progress on the response mechanisms of six common plant defense enzymes, SOD, CAT, POD, PPO, LOX and PAL, to insect stress, and compared their similarities and disparities. We sorted out their interactive sequences in response to the insect stress and analyzed the changes of defense enzyme activities and their associations with defense enzyme genes after being attacked by pests. Finally, we discussed the key problems/challenges in this area and proposed the prospects for studying the mechanisms of plant defense enzymes.植物防御体系应对虫害胁迫产生一系列防御性生理生化反应,其中防御酶活性呈现显著变化.本文综述了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、脂氧合酶(LOX)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL) 6种常见防御酶应对虫害胁迫的机制,解析了6种防御酶的作用机理及其异同.梳理了6种防御酶应对虫害胁迫而相互协调的程序,总结了植物体遭虫害胁迫之后防御酶活性的变化及其与防御酶基因的关联,提出了植物体防御酶机制研究中的重要问题并展望前景.