Brain Lipid Dynamics in Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Mouse Model of Early Alzheimer’s Disease by Desorption Electrospray Ionization and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Mass Spectrometry Imaging Techniques

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely associated with lipid metabolism dysfunction. However, space distribution and metabolism of aberrant lipids in the brain of early-stage AD mouse remain unclear. In our current work, a novel lipidomics method based on mass spectrometry imaging was developed to visually disclose molecular perturbation and characterize space distribution in the brain of double transgenic amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mouse (2 and 3 months old). Significant changes were detected, including phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, fatty acids, lysophospholipids, and glycerides in AD mouse brain. The results in this study suggest that these significantly altered lipid metabolic pathways (glycerophospholipid metabolism) may be implicated in early-stage AD. Our work deepens the understanding of the physio-pathologic mechanism of early-stage AD.